A1 · Perfect tense

sein + … + gefahren

went, came, arrived: movement in the perfect

Formsein (Position 2) … Partizip Perfekt (Ende)

Meaning and usage

The perfect tense talks about the past. Most verbs use haben, but a small group uses sein: verbs of movement from one place to another, verbs of change of state, and the three verbs sein, bleiben and werden. The verb sein stands in second position and the past participle stands at the very end of the sentence.

Learners often use haben with these verbs, for example Ich habe nach Berlin gefahren. German needs sein here: Ich bin nach Berlin gefahren. The same rule covers gehen, kommen, fahren, fliegen, aufstehen, bleiben, werden and sterben.

Examples 5

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Meine Schwester gestern nach Hause gegangen.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: ist

    gehen shows movement from one place to another, so the perfect uses sein. Meine Schwester is singular, so the form is ist.

    • haben is a haben form, and it is also plural, so it fits neither the verb nor the subject.
    • sind is a sein form, but it is plural and does not fit the singular subject meine Schwester.
    • hat is a haben form, but movement verbs take sein in the perfect.

In this topic: Perfect tense

  1. haben + … + Partizip most verbs form the perfect with haben
  2. gemacht: ge- … -t regular verbs: ge- + stem + -t
  3. gegessen: ge- … -en strong verbs: ge- + stem + -en
  4. angerufen, eingekauft Separable verbs: ge- goes inside the verb
  5. studiert, besucht No ge- in participles of -ieren and inseparable verbs
  6. sein + … + gefahren went, came, arrived: movement in the perfect
  7. war, hatte was, were, had (simple past of sein and haben)

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.