A1 · Separable verbs

Ich muss früh aufstehen.

With a modal, the prefix stays on the infinitive

FormModalverb (Position 2) … Infinitiv mit Präfix (Satzende)

Meaning and usage

Some German verbs have a prefix that can separate, like anrufen or aufstehen. In a simple main clause the prefix goes to the end: Ich stehe früh auf. But when a modal verb like müssen, können or wollen is in position 2, the main verb becomes an infinitive at the end of the sentence. The prefix stays attached to that infinitive: Ich muss früh aufstehen.

Use this pattern with all modal verbs at A1. The modal is conjugated, the second verb is an infinitive with its prefix, and nothing separates them. The common mistake is to send the prefix to the very end after the infinitive, as in Ich muss früh stehen auf. Keep the prefix on the infinitive.

Examples 5

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Ich muss heute früh .

    Show answer

    Correct answer: aufstehen

    After the modal verb muss, the main verb is an infinitive at the end of the sentence. The separable prefix auf- stays attached to the infinitive, so aufstehen is correct.

    • stehe auf This is a conjugated form, but after a modal verb the second verb must be an infinitive.
    • auf stehe This is not a real verb form; the infinitive must be one word with the prefix attached.
    • stehen auf This puts the prefix after the verb, but with a modal the prefix belongs on the infinitive, not separated at the end.

In this topic: Separable verbs

  1. Ich rufe dich an. prefix splits off and goes to the end
  2. Ich muss früh aufstehen. With a modal, the prefix stays on the infinitive
  3. verstehen, bezahlen verbs with be-, ver-, er- never split off

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.