C1 · Word order for emphasis

Gestern hat mich mein Bruder angerufen.

an unstressed pronoun before a noun subject

FormVerb + Pronomen (mich, mir, sich, es) + Subjekt (Nomen) + …

Meaning and usage

In the middle of the sentence, short unstressed pronouns come first, even before the subject when the subject is a noun: Gestern hat mich mein Bruder angerufen. Wie hat dir das Essen geschmeckt? Warum hat mir niemand gesagt, was ich tun soll? The pronoun is known information; the noun subject carries more, so it comes later.

Gestern hat mein Bruder mich angerufen is possible too, but it stresses mich: my brother called me, not someone else. Reflexive sich behaves the same way: Warum haben sich deine Katzen versteckt? With a pronoun subject the usual order stays: Gestern hat er mich angerufen.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Warum hat mir Kollege nicht geholfen?

    Show answer

    Correct answer: der

    The unstressed pronoun mir comes first, and the noun subject follows it. It is still the subject, so nominative: der Kollege.

    • den is accusative, but the noun here is the subject.
    • dem is dative; the dative in this sentence is already mir.
    • des is genitive, which nothing here calls for.

In this topic: Word order for emphasis

  1. Den Film habe ich schon gesehen. an object first, the subject after the verb
  2. Es kamen viele Gäste. es as a placeholder in first position
  3. Gestern hat mich mein Bruder angerufen. an unstressed pronoun before a noun subject
  4. Er hat mehr gelesen als ich. the als part of a comparison comes after the verb
  5. Ich habe lange gewartet auf diesen Moment. moving a phrase past the verb bracket for weight

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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