C1 · Word order for emphasis

Den Film habe ich schon gesehen.

an object first, the subject after the verb

FormObjekt + Verb + Subjekt + …

Meaning and usage

Any element can stand in first position, including the object. Then the subject follows the verb: Den Film habe ich schon gesehen. The meaning does not change; the case ending does the work, so den shows that den Film is the object even in first place. Den Frühling mag ich mehr als den Herbst.

Putting the object first links the sentence to what came before, or sets it against something else: this film, not another one. It is very common in speech: Den Witz habe ich schon gehört. English needs that, or stress on the word, for the same effect: I've already heard that joke.

Examples 5

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Schlüssel habe ich gestern im Büro gefunden.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: Den

    The subject is ich, after the verb. The key is the object in first position, so it is accusative: Den Schlüssel habe ich gefunden.

    • dem is dative, but finden takes the accusative.
    • des is genitive, which nothing here calls for.
    • der would make the key the subject, but the subject is ich.

In this topic: Word order for emphasis

  1. Den Film habe ich schon gesehen. an object first, the subject after the verb
  2. Es kamen viele Gäste. es as a placeholder in first position
  3. Gestern hat mich mein Bruder angerufen. an unstressed pronoun before a noun subject
  4. Er hat mehr gelesen als ich. the als part of a comparison comes after the verb
  5. Ich habe lange gewartet auf diesen Moment. moving a phrase past the verb bracket for weight

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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