B1 · Weak nouns

den Jungen, dem Kollegen

weak nouns in -e: den Jungen, dem Kunden

Formder Junge → den/dem/des Jungen (-n außer im Nominativ Singular)

Meaning and usage

A group of masculine nouns adds -n in every case except the nominative singular, including the accusative: der Junge, den Jungen, dem Jungen, des Jungen. Most of them end in -e and name people or animals: der Kunde, der Kollege, der Neffe, der Löwe, der Affe, and nationalities such as der Franzose and der Türke.

These nouns take no -s in the genitive: der Name des Kollegen. The plural also ends in -n: die Jungen. The common mistake is leaving the singular unchanged: Ich frage den Kollege instead of Ich frage den Kollegen. A useful guess: a masculine noun in -e for a person or an animal is weak.

Examples 5

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Ich habe gestern mit einem aus Frankreich gesprochen.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: Kunden

    der Kunde is a weak noun: outside the nominative singular it adds -n, so mit einem Kunden.

    • Kunds is not a form of Kunde.
    • Kundes Kunde takes no -s in any case; the dative needs -n.
    • Kunde without -n is only the nominative singular.

In this topic: Weak nouns

  1. den Jungen, dem Kollegen weak nouns in -e: den Jungen, dem Kunden
  2. den Studenten, dem Polizisten weak nouns: den Studenten, dem Polizisten
  3. Herrn Schmidt, den Menschen, den Nachbarn Herr, Mensch, Nachbar: Herrn, Menschen

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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