B1 · Relative clauses

der Mann, dessen Auto …; die Frau, deren Sohn …

whose: dessen and deren

FormNomen, dessen/deren + Nomen (ohne Artikel) … Verb (Ende),

Meaning and usage

German has two words for whose in a relative clause. Use dessen when the owner is a masculine or neuter noun, and deren when the owner is feminine or plural: der Mann, dessen Auto dort steht, das Mädchen, dessen Vater Arzt ist, die Frau, deren Sohn krank ist, die Kinder, deren Eltern arbeiten.

The choice depends only on the owner, not on the thing owned: die Frau, deren Mann … but der Mann, dessen Frau …. The noun after dessen or deren has no article. A common mistake is choosing by the second noun, as in das Mädchen, deren Mutter …; Mädchen is neuter, so it is dessen.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Ich habe einen Kollegen, Frau aus Spanien kommt.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: dessen

    Whose follows the owner, not the thing owned. The owner is the colleague, who is masculine, so the form is dessen.

    • der cannot mean whose; it would need a different clause, such as der aus Spanien kommt.
    • dem is a dative pronoun and cannot mean whose.
    • deren is for a feminine or plural owner; here the owner is masculine, whatever the gender of Frau.

In this topic: Relative clauses

  1. der Mann, der dort steht who, which, that: the pronoun is the subject
  2. der Mann, den ich kenne relative pronoun as the object: den, die, das
  3. der Mann, dem ich helfe; die Kinder, denen … relative pronoun in the dative: dem, der, denen
  4. der Kollege, mit dem ich arbeite relative clause with a preposition: mit dem, für die
  5. der Mann, dessen Auto …; die Frau, deren Sohn … whose: dessen and deren
  6. alles, was …; das, was … was as a relative pronoun: alles, was; das, was
  7. die Stadt, wo ich wohne where: wo after a place

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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