B1 · um … zu and damit

damit … Verb

damit: so that, with its own subject

Form…, damit + Subjekt … Verb (Ende)

Meaning and usage

damit means so that. It starts a subordinate clause with its own subject, and the conjugated verb goes to the end: Ich spreche langsam, damit du mich verstehst, Sie gibt ihm Geld, damit er ein Ticket kaufen kann. Use it when the two halves are about different people.

With the same subject damit is possible too (Ich schreibe es auf, damit ich es nicht vergesse), though um … zu is more usual then. A common mistake is um with a new subject: um du mich verstehst. Do not confuse the conjunction with the adverb damit, with it: Was machst du damit?

Examples 5

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Ich erkläre es noch einmal, du es verstehst.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: damit

    The clause says why I explain it again, and it has its own subject, du, so it needs damit, with the verb at the end.

    • zu alone cannot start a clause with a subject and a conjugated verb.
    • denn keeps main-clause order (denn du verstehst es) and gives a reason, not a purpose.
    • um … zu needs a zu-infinitive and has no subject of its own; this clause has du and verstehst.

In this topic: um … zu and damit

  1. um … zu um … zu: in order to
  2. damit … Verb damit: so that, with its own subject
  3. um … zu / damit same subject: um … zu; different subject: damit
  4. ohne … zu / ohne dass ohne … zu: without doing something
  5. (an)statt … zu (an)statt … zu: instead of doing something
  6. zu jung, um … zu too … to, enough to: zu …, um … zu

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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