B1 · Relative clauses

der Mann, den ich kenne

relative pronoun as the object: den, die, das

FormNomen, den/die/das (Akkusativ) + Subjekt … Verb (Ende),

Meaning and usage

When the relative pronoun is the object of its own clause, it is accusative. Only the masculine shows it: der Film, den ich gesehen habe. Feminine, neuter and plural look the same as the nominative: die Zeitschrift, die du mir geliehen hast, das Buch, das ich lese. The gender comes from the noun outside the clause; the case comes from the pronoun's job inside it.

So two questions decide the form: what gender is the noun, and is the pronoun the subject or the object of its clause? A typical mistake is Der Film, der ich gesehen habe, war gut. The film is what I saw, the object, so the pronoun must be den: Der Film, den ich gesehen habe, war gut.

Examples 5

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Wie heißt der Mann, du gestern getroffen hast?

    Show answer

    Correct answer: den

    In the relative clause du is the subject and the man is the object of getroffen. Mann is masculine, so the accusative pronoun is den.

    • dem is dative, but treffen takes an accusative object.
    • der is nominative, but the subject of the clause is du.
    • dessen means whose and needs a noun after it, as in dessen Auto.

In this topic: Relative clauses

  1. der Mann, der dort steht who, which, that: the pronoun is the subject
  2. der Mann, den ich kenne relative pronoun as the object: den, die, das
  3. der Mann, dem ich helfe; die Kinder, denen … relative pronoun in the dative: dem, der, denen
  4. der Kollege, mit dem ich arbeite relative clause with a preposition: mit dem, für die
  5. der Mann, dessen Auto …; die Frau, deren Sohn … whose: dessen and deren
  6. alles, was …; das, was … was as a relative pronoun: alles, was; das, was
  7. die Stadt, wo ich wohne where: wo after a place

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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