A2 · Adjective endings

den guten Wein, mit dem guten Wein

Adjective takes -en after a der-word in most cases

Formden / dem / des / diesen / diesem + Adjektiv-en + Nomen

Meaning and usage

When a der-word (der, dieser, jener, jeder, welcher) stands before the noun, it already shows the case and gender. The adjective then takes only one of two endings: -e or -en. It takes -e in five slots only: nominative masculine, nominative feminine, nominative and accusative neuter, and accusative feminine. Everywhere else it takes -en: masculine accusative (den guten Wein), all dative forms (mit dem guten Wein), all genitive forms, and the whole plural.

So after den, dem or der in the dative, the adjective ends in -en, even though the article itself already carries a case ending. A very common mistake is using -e in these slots, for example den gute Wein or mit dem gute Wein. Remember: after a der-word, the choice is between -e and -en, and -en wins in every case except the five -e slots.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Ich trinke Wein gern.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: den guten

    Wein is masculine and the direct object here, so the article is den and the adjective takes -en: den guten Wein.

    • Dem guten is dative, but trinken takes a direct object, not a dative object.
    • den gute Den is right for the masculine accusative, but after den the adjective must end in -en, not -e.
    • Der gute is nominative masculine, but the wine is the object of trinken here, not the subject.

In this topic: Adjective endings

  1. Der Wein ist gut. Adjective after sein, werden, bleiben: no ending
  2. der gute Wein, die gute Milch the -e adjective ending after der, die, das
  3. den guten Wein, mit dem guten Wein Adjective takes -en after a der-word in most cases
  4. ein guter Wein, ein gutes Bier ein with no ending, so the adjective shows the gender
  5. einen guten Wein, mit einem guten Freund adjective takes -en after einen, einem, einer
  6. die neuen Schuhe, meine neuen Schuhe plural adjectives take -en after any article
  7. kalter Kaffee, frische Milch, kaltes Wasser adjective endings with no article before the noun
  8. zwei kleine Kinder, viele neue Wörter plural adjectives after numbers and viele take -e
  9. dunkel → ein dunkles Zimmer, teuer → ein teures Auto short adjectives drop a letter before an ending

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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