A2 · Two-way prepositions

vor dem Haus, hinter dem Haus

vor and hinter for in front of and behind

Formvor/hinter + Dativ (wo?), vor/hinter + Akkusativ (wohin?)

Meaning and usage

vor means in front of and hinter means behind. With a place, the case follows the question: if the phrase answers wo? (where is it?), use the dative: vor dem Haus, hinter der Tür. If it answers wohin? (where to?), use the accusative: vor das Haus, hinter die Tür.

The usual mistake is using the accusative after a verb of position, for example Das Auto steht vor die Haus instead of Das Auto steht vor dem Haus. Ask yourself first: is something moving to a new place, or is it located somewhere? That decides the case. On this page we only look at place meanings: vor with times (before, ago) is a separate topic.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Das Auto steht , nicht dahinter.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: vor dem Haus

    The verb steht says where the car is, a location, so the dative vor dem Haus is needed. The clause nicht dahinter rules out hinter dem Haus.

    • vor die Haus Accusative form after a verb of position, and the article does not fit the neuter noun Haus.
    • hinter dem Haus Grammatically dative, but it contradicts the clue nicht dahinter, which says the car is not behind the house.
    • vor dem Häuser The dative article dem is right, but Häuser is the plural, so it does not agree with one car.

In this topic: Two-way prepositions

  1. in die Küche / in der Küche destination takes accusative, location takes dative
  2. auf dem Tisch, auf den Tisch auf + dative for where, auf + accusative for where to
  3. an der Wand, an die Wand an + dative for where, an + accusative for where to
  4. über dem Tisch, unter das Bett über and unter for place: over, across, under
  5. vor dem Haus, hinter dem Haus vor and hinter for in front of and behind
  6. neben dem Stuhl, zwischen den Bäumen neben and zwischen for place, next to and between
  7. ans Meer, auf den Markt, in die Stadt choosing in, an or auf for places
  8. legen / liegen legen lays something down, liegen means to be lying
  9. stellen / stehen stellen for putting upright, stehen for standing
  10. sich setzen / sitzen to sit down vs to be sitting
  11. hängen: hängte / hing hang something vs be hanging
  12. in einer Woche, in zwei Stunden in + dative for a future point in time

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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