A2 · Comparative and superlative

hoch, höher; nah, näher, am nächsten

irregular forms of hoch and nah

Formhoch → höher → am höchsten; nah → näher → am nächsten

Meaning and usage

Two very common adjectives have irregular forms. hoch (high) loses its c in the comparative, höher, but keeps it in the superlative: am höchsten, der höchste Berg. nah (near) has a regular comparative, näher, but its superlative gains a c: am nächsten.

Watch out for der nächste: it usually means the next, as in am nächsten Montag, and only means nearest when you are comparing distances, as in Welcher Planet ist der Sonne am nächsten? Typical learner errors are höcher and am nähesten: hoch drops its c only in höher, and nah adds one only in am nächsten.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Die Zugspitze ist der Berg in Deutschland.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: höchste

    The Zugspitze is higher than every other German mountain, so the superlative is needed. Before a noun, after der, it is der höchste Berg, with the c kept.

    • höher is the comparative, and without an ending it cannot stand between der and a noun.
    • höhste drops the c, which hoch does only in the comparative höher.
    • hochste is missing the umlaut: the superlative is höchste.

In this topic: Comparative and superlative

  1. schneller, kleiner, interessanter Add -er to an adjective to compare two things
  2. alt → älter, groß → größer many short adjectives add an umlaut in the comparative
  3. größer als use als after a comparative to say than
  4. so groß wie, nicht so groß wie as ... as, not as ... as
  5. am schnellsten the superlative after a verb: am + adjective + -sten
  6. der schnellste Zug superlative before a noun takes adjective endings
  7. gut, besser, am besten gut has its own comparative and superlative forms
  8. viel, mehr, am meisten much, more, most: the irregular forms of viel
  9. gern, lieber, am liebsten gern, lieber, am liebsten: like, prefer, like best
  10. hoch, höher; nah, näher, am nächsten irregular forms of hoch and nah
  11. ein größeres Haus comparative adjective before a noun keeps its ending

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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