A2 · Prepositions with a fixed case

nach dem Essen, nach der Arbeit

nach + Dativ: after a meal, after work, after school

Formnach + Noun (Dativ)

Meaning and usage

The preposition nach always takes the dative case, and one of its meanings is time: after. So you get nach dem Essen (after the meal), nach der Arbeit (after work), nach der Schule (after school) and nach zwei Stunden (after two hours). The noun after nach is always dative: dem for masculine and neuter nouns, der for feminine ones, for example nach dem Mittagessen but nach der Pause.

Do not mix this up with the other nach you may already know, as in nach Berlin or nach Deutschland, which means to a place. Same preposition, two different uses, and both take the forms you already know. The usual mistake is mixing up nach and vor: vor dem Essen means before the meal, so learners who want after and write vor say the opposite of what they mean. Another frequent error is the case: *nach das Essen is not possible, because nach never takes the accusative.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Zuerst essen wir, und dem Essen gehen wir spazieren.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: nach

    The meal comes first and the walk afterwards, so the word for after is needed: nach dem Essen. nach takes the dative.

    • um goes with clock times, as in um drei Uhr, not with a meal.
    • vor dem Essen means before the meal, but the walk comes after it.
    • seit is for something that began in the past and still goes on, as in seit Montag.

In this topic: Prepositions with a fixed case

  1. durch, für, gegen, ohne, um + Akkusativ durch, für, gegen, ohne, um + accusative
  2. gegen: against, around (time) against, or around a clock time
  3. die Straße entlang along the street, along the river
  4. bis morgen, bis zum Bahnhof bis: until, as far as
  5. aus, bei, mit, nach, seit, von, zu + Dativ Seven prepositions that always take the dative
  6. mit dem Bus, mit meiner Schwester with people and tools, by transport, always dative
  7. aus dem Haus, von der Arbeit aus and von both mean from, both take dative
  8. nach dem Essen, nach der Arbeit nach + Dativ: after a meal, after work, after school
  9. gegenüber dem Bahnhof opposite, across from, with the dative

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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