A2 · Reflexive verbs

Heute freut sich mein Bruder.

the reflexive pronoun sits right after the verb

FormPosition 2: konjugiertes Verb + Reflexivpronomen + Subjekt

Meaning and usage

In a simple statement the conjugated verb is in position 2, and the reflexive pronoun usually comes straight after it. If the subject is a noun, the pronoun comes before the noun: Heute freut sich mein Bruder. If the subject is a pronoun, the pronoun subject comes first and the reflexive pronoun follows the verb: Heute freue ich mich. In a subordinate clause the reflexive pronoun stands right after the subject: weil er sich beeilt.

The common mistake is word order with a noun subject. Learners often put the reflexive pronoun after the noun, as in Heute freut mein Bruder sich. That sounds odd in a neutral statement. Keep the order verb, reflexive pronoun, noun subject: Heute freut sich mein Bruder.

Examples 6

Test yourself

  1. 1 Sprachbausteine

    Morgen meine Schwester wieder.

    Show answer

    Correct answer: freut sich

    The subject is meine Schwester, so the verb takes the ending -t and the reflexive pronoun is sich. With a noun subject the pronoun comes right after the verb.

    • freue mich is first person singular and does not match meine Schwester
    • freuen uns is first person plural and does not match meine Schwester
    • freust dich is second person singular and does not match meine Schwester

In this topic: Reflexive verbs

  1. mich, dich, sich, uns, euch the reflexive pronoun copies the subject
  2. sich beeilen, sich erkälten verbs that always need the reflexive pronoun sich
  3. Ich wasche das Auto. Ich wasche mich. Same verb, action turns back on the subject
  4. Ich ziehe mir einen Pullover an. Dative reflexive pronoun when there is another object
  5. Ich wasche mir die Hände. dative reflexive for body parts, no possessive
  6. sich vorstellen / sich etwas vorstellen introduce oneself with mich, imagine with mir
  7. Heute freut sich mein Bruder. the reflexive pronoun sits right after the verb
  8. Ich habe mich beeilt. Reflexive verbs in the perfect with haben
  9. sich freuen auf / über look forward to vs be glad about

Example sentences from Tatoeba, used under CC BY 2.0 FR. See sources.

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